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Identity Security21 min read2024-11-15

Active Directory Security: Hardening Your Identity Infrastructure

Active Directory is the keys to the kingdom for most organizations. Learn essential hardening techniques to protect your identity infrastructure from attacks.

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Asfaleia Team

Chief Security Researcher

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Active Directory Security: Hardening Your Identity Infrastructure
95%
F500 Compromised via AD
4 Hours
Median to Domain Admin
80%
Breaches via Credentials
146 Days
Avg. Undetected Attack

Why AD Security is Critical

Active Directory controls authentication and authorization for virtually every resource. Compromise AD, and you own the entire organization. It's the primary target for attackers.

The Stakes

95% of Fortune 500 have been compromised via AD attacks. Median time to domain admin is just 4 hours once inside.

Tiered Administration Model

Implement administrative tiers to contain compromise. Higher tier credentials never touch lower tier systems.

Administrative Tiers

Phase 1

Tier 0

Domain Controllers, AD

Phase 2

Tier 1

Servers & Applications

Phase 3

Tier 2

Workstations & Users

Key Principle

  • Tier 0 admin → Only logs into Tier 0 systems
  • Tier 1 admin → Only logs into Tier 1 systems
  • Never cross tiers → Prevents credential theft

Hardening Roadmap

Implementation Phases

1

Quick Wins

Deploy LAPS, Protected Users, rotate KRBTGT, minimize Domain Admins

2

Intermediate

PAWs for Tier 0, gMSAs for services, advanced auditing, AdminSDHolder monitoring

3

Advanced

Full tiered model, Credential Guard, JIT administration, continuous assessment

Hardened AD

Protected Users enabled
LAPS deployed everywhere
KRBTGT rotated regularly
Tiered administration
PAWs for privileged access

Vulnerable AD

No Protected Users
Shared local admin passwords
KRBTGT never rotated
Flat administration
Admin from workstations

Security Checklist

AD Hardening Controls

Identity Protection
Protected Users populated
LAPS deployed
KRBTGT rotated
Strong passwords enforced
Privileged Access
Tiered admin accounts
PAWs deployed
gMSAs for services
JIT/JEA configured
Monitoring
Advanced auditing enabled
SIEM integration
Honeypot accounts
DCSync detection
Attack Prevention
SMB signing required
NTLM restricted
Kerberos hardened
Delegation secured

Quick Win

Deploy LAPS immediately—it prevents lateral movement by randomizing local admin passwords. Single highest-impact quick win for AD security.

Conclusion

AD security is fundamental to enterprise security. Implement tiered administration, deploy LAPS, and monitor for attack indicators to protect your identity infrastructure.

Tags

#Active Directory#Identity#Windows Security#Privileged Access#Kerberos
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Written by

Asfaleia Team

Chief Security Researcher

Active Directory security specialist with expertise in enterprise identity protection.

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